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Daoxian massacre
The Daoxian massacre, or Dao County massacre, was an episode of violence and killing of 4,519 people that took place in Daoxian County, Hunan, China and lasted for 66 days from August 13 to October 17, 1967.
== Background ==
During the Cultural Revolution in China which lasted from 1966 to 1976, millions of people deemed "counter-revolutionaries" or who did not side with Mao Zedong were persecuted. Mao endorsed the revolutionary discourse and the attacks on authority figures, whom he believed had grown complacent, bureaucratic, and anti-revolutionary. Local Red Guards attacked anyone whom they believed lacked revolutionary credentials, and then eventually turned on those who simply failed to wholeheartedly support their efforts and intentions. In August 1966, the Central Committee issued a directive entitled the “Decision of the Central Committee of the Chinese Party Concerning the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” (a.k.a. the Sixteen Points) in an effort to define the revolution’s goals. Later that month, Mao began to greet huge parades of Red Guards holding aloft his Little Red Book.
The movement grew but also splintered into independent movements and Red Guard factions, each with its own vision of the movement. Despite official directives and encouragement from the Party leadership, local forces were left to act according to their own definitions of the Revolution's goals, and many of them ended up inflicting violence upon their communities and clashing with each other. Nobody wanted to be considered a “reactionary,” but in the absence of official guidelines for identifying “true Communists,” almost everyone became a target of abuse. People tried to protect themselves and escape persecution by attacking friends and even their own families. The result was a bewildering series of attacks and counterattacks, factional fighting, unpredictable violence, and the breakdown of authority throughout China.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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